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Zusammenfassung

Mediatisierte sexualisierte Gewalt wird auch im Zusammenhang organisierter und ritueller Gewaltstrukturen eingesetzt, um Machtverhältnisse auszubauen, Betroffene an die Strukturen zu binden, sie mittels digitaler Medien zu kontrollieren und zu manipulieren. Die Belastungen der Betroffenen sind besonders komplex. Bisweilen leiden sie unter einer dissoziativen Identitätsstörung. Die Abhängigkeiten von den Gewaltstrukturen erschweren Hilfeprozesse. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass weiterhin Kontakt zu den Strukturen besteht, muss auch nach einer Teilaufdeckung stets mitbedacht werden. Dieses Kapitel setzt sich aufgrund der Komplexität vor allem mit traumasensiblen Ansätzen der Arbeit mit von mediatisierter ritueller Gewalt betroffenen jungen Menschen auseinander. Es reflektiert dazu Möglichkeiten und Grenzen „gewaltfreier Räume“ für Adressat*innen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auf die hervorgehobene Bedeutung der Psychohygiene für Helfende verwiesen.

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Most cited references 17

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Self-Triggering? An Exploration of Individuals Who Seek Reminders of Trauma

Benjamin W. Bellet, Payton J. Jones, Richard J. McNally (2020)

Trauma survivors who self-trigger, or seek reminders of their traumatic events, have been noted in the clinical literature but have not yet been the subject of a systematic empirical inquiry. This article presents the results of two exploratory studies of self-triggering. In Study 1 ( N = 545), we estimated the behavior’s clinical relevance among trauma survivors. In Study 2 ( N = 360), we examined descriptive characteristics of self-triggering as well as potential motivations for the behavior. We found that self-triggering is uniquely associated with more severe symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Self-triggering takes place via a wide variety of methods and can become compulsive for many individuals. Reasons endorsed for self-triggering comprised several broad motives, but the desire to make meaning of one’s trauma was most predictive of self-triggering frequency. Limitations, clinical implications, and directions for further research are discussed.

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Maladaptive Behavior and Affect Regulation: A Functionalist Perspective

Benjamin Swerdlow, Jennifer G. Pearlstein, Devon Sandel … (2020)

Clinical science has benefited tremendously from taking seriously the proposition that putatively maladaptive behaviors serve psychological functions, prominently among these affect regulation (AR). These functionalist accounts have not only advanced basic clinical science, but also formed the bedrock for the development of effective treatments. Drawing heavily on reinforcement learning theory, we aim to elucidate functional relationships between maladaptive behavior and affect regulation. Specifically, we take the view that maladaptive behaviors are frequently motivated and reinforced by hedonic AR functions (i.e., decreasing negative affect and increasing positive affect), but are also susceptible to becoming stimulus-bound habits. We review empirical evidence from one such behavior, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). We close with a brief reflection on future directions.