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Zusammenfassung

Analysen der Risikoberichterstattung liegen in der Regel zwei Fragestellungen zugrunde: Wie angemessen ist die Darstellung von Risiken in den Medien und wie werden Risiken in den Medien konstruiert? Diese Fragestellungen überschneiden sich, sind aber nicht deckungsgleich. Die erste Fragestellung basiert auf der Voraussetzung, dass wissenschaftliche oder statistische Risikoinformationen vorliegen.

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Most cited references 31

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Science audiences, misinformation, and fake news

Dietram Scheufele, Nicole M. Krause (2019)

Concerns about public misinformation in the United States—ranging from politics to science—are growing. Here, we provide an overview of how and why citizens become (and sometimes remain) misinformed about science. Our discussion focuses specifically on misinformation among individual citizens. However, it is impossible to understand individual information processing and acceptance without taking into account social networks, information ecologies, and other macro-level variables that provide important social context. Specifically, we show how being misinformed is a function of a person’s ability and motivation to spot falsehoods, but also of other group-level and societal factors that increase the chances of citizens to be exposed to correct(ive) information. We conclude by discussing a number of research areas—some of which echo themes of the 2017 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Communicating Science Effectively report—that will be particularly important for our future understanding of misinformation, specifically a systems approach to the problem of misinformation, the need for more systematic analyses of science communication in new media environments, and a (re)focusing on traditionally underserved audiences.

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Newspaper Coverage of Causes of Death

Paul Slovic, Barbara Combs (2016)

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Scientific communication in a post-truth society

Shanto Iyengar, Douglas Massey (2018)

Within the scientific community, much attention has focused on improving communications between scientists, policy makers, and the public. To date, efforts have centered on improving the content, accessibility, and delivery of scientific communications. Here we argue that in the current political and media environment faulty communication is no longer the core of the problem. Distrust in the scientific enterprise and misperceptions of scientific knowledge increasingly stem less from problems of communication and more from the widespread dissemination of misleading and biased information. We describe the profound structural shifts in the media environment that have occurred in recent decades and their connection to public policy decisions and technological changes. We explain how these shifts have enabled unscrupulous actors with ulterior motives increasingly to circulate fake news, misinformation, and disinformation with the help of trolls, bots, and respondent-driven algorithms. We document the high degree of partisan animosity, implicit ideological bias, political polarization, and politically motivated reasoning that now prevail in the public sphere and offer an actual example of how clearly stated scientific conclusions can be systematically perverted in the media through an internet-based campaign of disinformation and misinformation. We suggest that, in addition to attending to the clarity of their communications, scientists must also develop online strategies to counteract campaigns of misinformation and disinformation that will inevitably follow the release of findings threatening to partisans on either end of the political spectrum.

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Publication date (Print): 2023

Publication date (Online): September 25 2022

Pages: 193-201

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-36179-2_17

SO-VID: 5de07c2a-0db0-4248-bf71-1f4f5fd3cbab

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Die Inhaltsanalyse im Forschungsfeld der Risikoberichterstattung

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Zusammenfassung

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HTWK Leipzig / OA-HVerlag

Most cited references 31

Science audiences, misinformation, and fake news

Newspaper Coverage of Causes of Death

Scientific communication in a post-truth society

Author and book information

Book Chapter

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