4
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Variations of Thoracic Splanchnic Nerves and its Clinical Implications Translated title: Variaciones de los Nervios Esplácnicos Torácicos y sus Implicancias Clínicas

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The present study reports an anomalous branching pattern of the thoracic sympathetic chain. At the level of T3 ganglion, an anomalous branch i.e accessory sympathetic chain (ASC) descended anteromedial to the main sympathetic chain (MSC). The MSC and the ASC communicated with each other at the level of T9, T10 and T11 ganglion, indicating the absence of classical pattern of greater, lesser and least splanchnic nerves on the right side. However, on the left side, the sympathetic chain displayed normal branching pattern. We opine that the ASC may be representing a higher origin of greater splanchnic nerve at the level of T3 ganglion and the branches from MSC at T9, T10 and T11 ganglion may be the lesser and least splanchnic nerves, which further joined the ASC (i.e presumably the greater splanchnic nerve) to form a common trunk. This common trunk pierced the right crus of diaphragm to reach the right suprarenal plexus after giving few branches to the celiac plexus. Awareness and knowledge of such anatomical variants of thoracic sympathetic chain may be helpful to surgeons in avoiding any incomplete denervation or preventing any inadvertent injury during thoracic sympathectomy

          Translated abstract

          El presente estudio relata un patrón de ramos anómalos de la cadena simpática torácica. A nivel del ganglio de T3, un ramo anómalo denominado cadena simpática accesoria (CSA), descendió anteroedialmente a la cadena simpática principal (CSP). La CSP y la CSA comunicadas cada una con la otra a nivel de los ganglios de T9, T10 y T11, indicaban la ausencia de patrones clásicos de nervios esplácnicos mayor, menor y mínimo del lado derecho. Sin embargo, en el lado izquierdo, la cadena simpática estaba dispuesta en un de patrón normal. Nuestra opinión es que la CSA estaría representando un origen alto del nervio esplácnico mayor a nivel del ganglio de T3 y que los ramos de CSP de los ganglios T9, T10 y T11 podrían ser los nervios esplácnicos menor y mínimo, los cuales se unían lejos a la CSA (presumiblemente el nervio esplácnico mayor) para formar un tronco común. Este tronco común perforaba la cruz derecha del diafragma para alcanzar el plexo suprarrenal derecho, dando después pequeños ramos para el plexo celiaco. El conocimiento de tales variaciones de la cadena simpática torácica pueden ser de ayuda para los cirujanos, pudiendo ser evitada alguna denervación incompleta o prevenir algún daño involuntario durante la simpactectomía torácica

          Related collections

          Most cited references12

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Nerves and nerve plexuses of the human vertebral column.

          The origin, distribution, and termination pattern of nerves supplying the vertebral column and its associated structures have been studied in the human fetus by means of an acetylcholinesterase whole-mount method. The vertebral column is surrounded by ventral and dorsal nerve plexuses which are interconnected. The ventral nerve plexus consists of the nerve plexus associated with the anterior longitudinal ligament. This longitudinally oriented nerve plexus has a bilateral supply from many small branches of the sympathetic trunk, rami communicantes, and perivascular nerve plexuses of segmental arteries. In the thoracic region, the ventral nerve plexus also is connected to the nerve plexuses of costovertebral joints. The dorsal nerve plexus is made up of the nerve plexus associated with the posterior longitudinal ligament. This nerve plexus is more irregular and receives contributions only from the sinu-vertebral nerves. The sinu-vertebral nerves originate from the rami communicantes and, in the cervical region, also from the nerve plexus of the vertebral artery. Thick and thin sinu-vertebral nerves are found. Most frequently three types of thick sinu-vertebral nerves are observed, i.e., ascending, descending, or dichotomizing ones. Finally, the distribution of the branches of the ventral and dorsal nerve plexuses and of the sinu-vertebral nerves is described.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Book: not found

            Gray's anatomy

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Osteophytes of the spine compressing the sympathetic trunk and splanchnic nerves in the thorax.

              H. Nathan (1987)
              The presence of osteophytes compressing the sympathetic structures in the thorax was found in 655 (65.5%) of 1,000 cadavers. In 60.4% of the affected cases, the compression was on the right side, and in 36.9% it was bilateral, although the right side was more severely affected. In 2%, the compression was on the left only. The highest frequency of compression was at the T8-10 level, the right greater splanchnic nerve being the structure most frequently involved. The sympathetic trunk itself (ganglia and cord) was affected only by osteophytes of vertebrae at the lowest thoracic levels; however, bony excrescences due to costovertebral joint arthritis were frequently found impinging on the sympathetic trunk and its rami communicantes at similar frequencies on both sides. The factors governing the characteristic compression of the sympathetic structures in the thorax are the typical development of the osteophytes and the special relations of the sympathetic structures to the vertebral column at the various levels. It is proposed that these observations are useful in understanding certain observed clinical conditions and act an anatomic baseline for research in the future.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                ijmorphol
                International Journal of Morphology
                Int. J. Morphol.
                Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía (Temuco, , Chile )
                0717-9502
                2005
                : 23
                : 3
                : 247-251
                Affiliations
                [02] New Delhi orgnameMaulana Azad Medical College orgdiv1Department of Anatomy India
                [03] New Delhi orgnameMaulana Azad Medical College orgdiv1Department of Anatomy India
                [04] New Delhi orgnameMaulana Azad Medical College orgdiv1Department of Anatomy India
                [01] New Delhi orgnameMaulana Azad Medical College orgdiv1Department of Anatomy India
                Article
                S0717-95022005000300010 S0717-9502(05)02300310
                010b3f2d-07a2-47ae-b71f-605f79e744bd

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 June 2005
                : 04 August 2005
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 12, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Chile


                Ganglio,Splanchnic nerves,Sympathetic chain,Trunk thoracic,Ganglion,Nervios esplácnicos,Cadena simpática,Tronco simpático

                Comments

                Comment on this article