Psychometrische Evaluation einer deutschen Version der Lang- und Kurzform der Prejudice towards People with Mental Illness Scale (PPMI-D)

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Zusammenfassung

Ziel der Studie Vorstellung einer deutschen Version der Prejudice towards People with Mental Illness Scale in Lang- (PPMI-DL) und Kurzform (PPMI-DK) und psychometrische Evaluierung an einer deutschen Bevölkerungsstichprobe.

Methodik Deutsche Übersetzung und Überprüfung auf Passung zur Originalversion nach Rückübersetzung und Durchführung einer Online-Befragung (N = 1004).

Ergebnisse Itemschwierigkeiten und Trennschärfen liegen im wünschenswerten mittleren Bereich. Hohe bis exzellente interne Konsistenzen (PPMI-DL: α = 0,919; PPMI-DK: α = 0,872) in der Gesamtskala. Mittels konfirmatorischer Faktoranalysen konnten die 4 Subskalen der Originalskala bestätigt werden. Mittlere Korrelationen mit autoritären Einstellungen (KSA-3) und gering negative Zusammenhänge mit Sozialer Erwünschtheit (KSE-G). Normwerte für die PPMI-Subskalen werden berichtet.

Schlussfolgerung Die PPMI-D kann im deutschsprachigen Raum eingesetzt werden, um Vorurteile gegenüber psychisch kranken Menschen zu erheben.

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To explore whether the increase in knowledge about the biological correlates of mental disorders over the last decades has translated into improved public understanding of mental illness, increased readiness to seek mental health care and more tolerant attitudes towards mentally ill persons. A systematic review of all studies on mental illness-related beliefs and attitudes in the general population published before 31 March 2011, examining the time trends of attitudes with a follow-up interval of at least 2 years and using national representative population samples. A subsample of methodologically homogeneous studies was further included in a meta-regression analysis of time trends. Thirty-three reports on 16 studies on national time trends met our inclusion criteria, six of which were eligible for a meta-regression analysis. Two major trends emerged: there was a coherent trend to greater mental health literacy, in particular towards a biological model of mental illness, and greater acceptance of professional help for mental health problems. In contrast, however, no changes or even changes to the worse were observed regarding the attitudes towards people with mental illness. Increasing public understanding of the biological correlates of mental illness seems not to result in better social acceptance of persons with mental illness. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

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In light of increasing cross-communication and possible coalescence of conceptual models of stigma and prejudice, we reviewed 18 key models in order to explore commonalities and possible distinctions between prejudice and stigma. We arrive at two conclusions. First, the two sets of models have much in common (representing "one animal"); most differences are a matter of focus and emphasis. Second, one important distinction is in the type of human characteristics that are the primary focus of models of prejudice (race) and stigma (deviant behavior and identities, and disease and disabilities). This led us to develop a typology of three functions of stigma and prejudice: exploitation and domination (keeping people down); norm enforcement (keeping people in); and disease avoidance (keeping people away). We argue that attention to these functions will enhance our understanding of stigma and prejudice and our ability to reduce them.

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Author and article information

Journal

Title: Psychiatrische Praxis

Abbreviated Title: Psychiatr Prax

Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG

ISSN (Print): 0303-4259

ISSN (Electronic): 1439-0876

Publication date Created: April 05 2022

Publication date Created: April 2022

Publication date (Electronic): May 20 2021

Publication date (Print): April 2022

Volume: 49

Issue: 03

Pages: 144-151

Affiliations

[1 ]Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Deutschland

[2 ]Center for Public Mental Health, Gösing am Wagram, Österreich

Article

DOI: 10.1055/a-1481-1026

PubMed ID: 34015852

SO-VID: 3189dc4a-5f22-4ec9-bc1f-bba469cd7959

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