The role of ACC deaminase producing bacteria in improving sweet corn ( Zea mays L. var saccharata) productivity under limited availability of irrigation water

Abstract

Accumulation of stress ethylene in plants due to osmotic stress is a major challenge for the achievement of optimum sweet corn crop yield with limited availability of irrigation water. A significant increase in earth’s temperature is also making the conditions more crucial regarding the availability of ample quantity of irrigation water for crops production. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can play an imperative role in this regard. Inoculation of rhizobacteria can provide resistance and adaptability to crops against osmotic stress. In addition, these rhizobacteria also have potential to solve future food security issues. That's why the current study was planned to examine the efficacious functioning of Pseudomonas fluorescens strains on yields and physiological characteristics of sweet corn ( Zea mays L. var saccharata) under different levels of irrigation. Three irrigation levels i.e., 100% (I ₁₀₀ no stress), 80% (I ₈₀), and 60% (I ₆₀) were used during sweet corn cultivation. However, there were four rhizobacteria strains i.e., P. fluorescens P ₁, P. fluorescens P ₃, P. fluorescens P ₈, P. fluorescens P ₁₄ which were used in the experiment. The results showed that severe water stress (60% of plant water requirement) decreased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll contents, Fv/Fm ratio and nutrients uptake. A significant increase in F ₀, F _m, proline, total soluble sugars, catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) activity led to less ear yield and canned seed yield. Combination of four strains significantly increased the yield traits of sweet corn i.e., ear and (44%) and canned seed yield (27%) over control. The highest promoting effect was observed in the combination of four strains treatment and followed by P ₁ strain in reducing the harmful effects of drought stress and improving sweet corn productivity. However, P ₁₄ gave minimum improvement in growth and yield indices under limited availability of water. In conclusion, combination of four strains inoculation is an efficacious approach for the achievement of better yield of sweet corn under osmotic stress.