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      Depressive symptoms—Not a predictor for five-year mortality in patients with subjective cognitive decline, non-amnestic and amnestic mild cognitive impairment Translated title: Depressive Symptome – Kein Prädiktor für die Fünf-Jahres-Mortalität bei Patienten mit Subjective Cognitive Decline und Mild Cognitive Impairment

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          Abstract

          The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of depressive symptoms on mortality in patients with SCD (subjective cognitive decline), naMCI (non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment), and aMCI (amnestic mild cognitive impairment). Additional factors (age, sex, years of school attendance, and neuropsychological performance) were considered to determine the impact on survival probability. A monocentric retrospective data analysis based on adjusted patient protocols ( n = 1221) from the observation period 1998–2021, using the Cox Proportional Hazards model, assessed whether depressivity had an explanatory value for survival, considering SCD as the reference level in relation to naMCI and aMCI. Covariates were included blockwise. Cox regression revealed that depressiveness (Beck Depression Inventory, Geriatric Depression Scale) did not make a significant contribution as a risk factor for mortality in all five model blocks, BDI-II with HR 0.997 [0.978; 1.02] and GDS-15 with HR 1.03 [0.98; 1.08]. Increasing age with HR 1.09 [1.07; 1.11] and male sex with HR (inverted) 1.53 [1.17; 2.00] appeared as risk factors for increased mortality across all five model blocks. aMCI (vs. SCD) with HR 1.91 [1.33; 2.76] showed a significant explanatory value only up to the fourth model block. By adding the six dimensions of the Neuropsychological Test Battery Vienna in the fifth model block, the domains attention and perceptual speed with HR 1.34 [1.18; 1.53], and executive functions with HR 1.24 [1.11; 1.39], showed substantial explanatory values for survival. Accordingly, no tendency can be attributed to depressiveness as a risk factor on the probability of survival, whereas the influence of certain cognitive dimensions, especially attention and perceptual speed, and executive functions, can be seen as protective for survival.

          Translated abstract

          Das Hauptziel der vorliegenden Studie besteht darin, den Einfluss depressiver Symptome auf die Mortalität bei Patienten mit SCD (Subjective Cognitive Decline), naMCI (nonamnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment) und aMCI (amnestic Cognitive Decline) zu untersuchen. Zusätzliche Faktoren (Alter, Geschlecht, Bildungsjahre und neuropsychologische Leistung) wurden berücksichtigt, um den Einfluss auf die Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit zu bestimmen. Eine monozentrische retrospektive Datenanalyse basierend auf 1221 Patientenprotokollen aus dem Beobachtungszeitraum 1998–2021 unter Verwendung des Cox Proportional Hazards-Modells untersuchte, ob Depressivität einen erklärenden Wert für das Überleben hatte, wobei die SCD-Gruppe als Referenz in Bezug auf naMCI und aMCI berücksichtigt wurde. Die Cox-Regression ergab, dass Depressivität (Beck Depression Inventory, Geriatric Depression Scale) in allen fünf Modellblöcken keinen signifikanten Beitrag als Risikofaktor für Mortalität leistete (BDI-II mit HR 0,997 [0,978; 1,02]) und (GDS-15 mitHR 1,03 [0,98; 1,08]). Chronologisches Alter mit HR 1,09 [1,07; 1.11] und männliches Geschlecht mit HR (invertiert) 1,53 [1,17; 2,00] waren Risikofaktoren für eine erhöhte Mortalität in allen fünf Modellblöcken. aMCI (vs. SCD) mit HR 1,91 [1,33; 2,76] zeigte nur bis zum vierten Modellblock einen signifikanten Erklärungswert. Die Domänen Aufmerksamkeit mit HR 1,34 [1,18; 1,53] und Exekutivfunktionen mit HR 1,24 [1,11; 1,39] hatten einen signifikanten Einfluss auf das Überleben. Zusammenfassend zeigte sich, dass Depressivität kein Risikofaktor für die Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit darstellt. Die kognitiven Dimensionen, Aufmerksamkeit und exekutive Funktionen, hatten einen protektiven Einfluss auf das Überleben.

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          The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease

          The National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association charged a workgroup with the task of developing criteria for the symptomatic predementia phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD), referred to in this article as mild cognitive impairment due to AD. The workgroup developed the following two sets of criteria: (1) core clinical criteria that could be used by healthcare providers without access to advanced imaging techniques or cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and (2) research criteria that could be used in clinical research settings, including clinical trials. The second set of criteria incorporate the use of biomarkers based on imaging and cerebrospinal fluid measures. The final set of criteria for mild cognitive impairment due to AD has four levels of certainty, depending on the presence and nature of the biomarker findings. Considerable work is needed to validate the criteria that use biomarkers and to standardize biomarker analysis for use in community settings. Copyright © 2011 The Alzheimer's Association. All rights reserved.
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            Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity.

            The concept of cognitive impairment intervening between normal ageing and very early dementia has been in the literature for many years. Recently, the construct of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been proposed to designate an early, but abnormal, state of cognitive impairment. MCI has generated a great deal of research from both clinical and research perspectives. Numerous epidemiological studies have documented the accelerated rate of progression to dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in MCI subjects and certain predictor variables appear valid. However, there has been controversy regarding the precise definition of the concept and its implementation in various clinical settings. Clinical subtypes of MCI have been proposed to broaden the concept and include prodromal forms of a variety of dementias. It is suggested that the diagnosis of MCI can be made in a fashion similar to the clinical diagnoses of dementia and AD. An algorithm is presented to assist the clinician in identifying subjects and subclassifying them into the various types of MCI. By refining the criteria for MCI, clinical trials can be designed with appropriate inclusion and exclusion restrictions to allow for the investigation of therapeutics tailored for specific targets and populations.
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              Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                johann.lehrner@meduniwien.ac.at
                Journal
                Neuropsychiatr
                Neuropsychiatr
                Neuropsychiatrie
                Springer Vienna (Vienna )
                0948-6259
                2194-1327
                22 May 2024
                22 May 2024
                2024
                : 38
                : 3
                : 135-144
                Affiliations
                Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, ( https://ror.org/05n3x4p02) Währinger Gürtel 18- 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8270-9272
                Article
                495
                10.1007/s40211-024-00495-2
                11379728
                38777983
                4423c1c3-fd8e-4eb2-b28a-96d36c4b5ff5
                © The Author(s) 2024

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 13 November 2023
                : 6 April 2024
                Funding
                Funded by: Medical University of Vienna
                Categories
                Original Article
                Custom metadata
                © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2024

                5‑year mortality,amci,namci,scd,depression,neurocognitive function,5-jahres-sterblichkeit,neurokognitive funktionen

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