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      Gesundheitskompetente Schule: Konzeptentwicklung für organisationale Gesundheitskompetenz in der Schule Translated title: Health-literate schools: concept development for organizational health literacy in schools

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          Abstract

          Hintergrund

          Gesundheitskompetenz gilt heute als wichtige Ressource. Schulen sind bedeutsame Wirkstätten im Leben junger Menschen und können maßgeblich zur Stärkung von Gesundheitskompetenz beitragen. Dies auf dem klassischen verhaltensorientierten Weg über Lernangebote, aber auch über einen verhältnisorientierten Ansatz, indem die Schulorganisation gesundheitskompetent optimiert wird. Der Ansatz geht zurück auf das Konzept der organisationalen Gesundheitskompetenz, das bereits in verschiedenen Settings angekommen ist und dabei hilft, Organisationsbedingungen so zu gestalten, dass die Gesundheitskompetenz der jeweiligen Klientel gestärkt wird. Das Projekt GeKoOrg-Schule (Gesundheitskompetente Organisation Schule) folgt diesem Ansatz und überträgt ihn auf das Schulsetting.

          Ziel der Arbeit

          In GeKoOrg-Schule sollte ein Konzept erarbeitet werden, das Standards zur Entwicklung der organisationalen Gesundheitskompetenz in Schulen bereitstellt und beschreibt, welche Aspekte dabei adressiert werden müssen.

          Material und Methoden

          Für die Konzeptentwicklung wurde auf bestehende Konzepte zur organisationalen Gesundheitskompetenz zurückgegriffen. Die Ausarbeitung erfolgte mithilfe von Kommentierungs- und Revisionsschleifen, in welche schulische Akteur:innen einbezogen wurden.

          Ergebnisse

          Das GeKoOrg-Schule-Konzept umfasst acht Standards, die verschiedene Bereiche innerhalb der Schulorganisation zur Optimierung und damit zur nachhaltigen Stärkung von Gesundheitskompetenz aufzeigen.

          Diskussion

          Die Stärkung von Gesundheitskompetenz in und durch Schule bedarf eines umfassenden verhältnisorientierten Ansatzes. Das Organisationsentwicklungskonzept GeKoOrg-Schule ermöglicht Schulen eine settingbasierte Weiterentwicklung zu gesundheitskompetenten Schulen.

          Translated abstract

          Background

          Health literacy is considered a crucial resource nowadays. Schools are important venues for youth that can significantly contribute to promoting health literacy. This can be done in the traditional behavior-focused approach by providing learning opportunities and through an environment-orientated approach by optimizing the school to be a health-literate organization. This perspective is based on the concept of organizational health literacy, which is used in different settings to change organizational conditions to strengthen the health literacy of the respective clientele. The project “HeLit-Schools” (Health-Literate Schools) follows this approach and transfers it to the school setting.

          Objectives

          In the HeLit-Schools project, a concept should be developed that provides standards for the development of organizational health literacy in schools and identifies which aspects need to be addressed.

          Materials and methods

          The concept development was based on existing concepts of organizational health literacy. The concept was developed by involving key school stakeholders in commenting and revision loops.

          Results

          The HeLit-Schools concept includes eight standards that depict different areas within the school organization for optimizing and thus sustainably strengthening health literacy.

          Conclusions

          Promoting health literacy in and through schools requires a comprehensive environment-oriented approach. The organization development concept HeLit-Schools enables schools to become health-literate using setting-based development.

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          Most cited references33

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          Does health literacy mediate the relationship between socioeconomic status and health disparities? Integrative review

          While socioeconomic disparities are among the most fundamental causes of health disparities, socioeconomic status (SES) does not impact health directly. One of the potential mediating factors that link SES and health is health literacy (HL). Yet although HL can be considered a modifiable risk factor of socioeconomic disparities in health, the relationship between SES, HL and health disparities is not well understood. This study reviewed the evidence regarding the mediating role of HL in the relationship between socioeconomic and health disparities. Medline, Cinahl, Embase, PsychInfo, Eric, Web of Science, Google, Google Scholar, Mednar, Doaj and Worldcat were used to retrieve studies that specifically addressed socioeconomic and socio-demographic factors related to low HL levels, as well as the mediating role of HL in the relationship between SES and disparities in health outcomes. Selected studies were assessed for methodological quality. Sixteen published studies were retained for inclusion and content analyzed using the constant comparison method. The review indicates that disadvantaged social and socioeconomic conditions contribute to low HL levels, whereby low SES, and particularly educational attainment, is the most important determinant of HL, and that HL mediates the relationship between SES and health status, quality of life, specific health-related outcomes, health behaviors and use of preventive services. HL can be considered as a modifiable risk factor of socioeconomic disparities in health. Enhancing the level of HL in the population or making health services more accessible to people with low HL may be a means to reach a greater equity in health.
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            The Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child Model: A New Approach for Improving Educational Attainment and Healthy Development for Students*

            BACKGROUND The Whole Child approach and the coordinated school health (CSH) approach both address the physical and emotional needs of students. However, a unified approach acceptable to both the health and education communities is needed to assure that students are healthy and ready to learn. METHODS During spring 2013, the ASCD (formerly known as the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) convened experts from the field of education and health to discuss lessons learned from implementation of the CSH and Whole Child approaches and to explore the development of a new model that would incorporate the knowledge gained through implementation to date. RESULTS As a result of multiple discussions and review, the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) approach was developed. The WSCC approach builds upon the traditional CSH model and ASCD's Whole Child approach to learning and promotes greater alignment between health and educational outcomes. CONCLUSION By focusing on children and youth as students, addressing critical education and health outcomes, organizing collaborative actions and initiatives that support students, and strongly engaging community resources, the WSCC approach offers important opportunities that will improve educational attainment and healthy development for students.
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              Shanghai declaration on promoting health in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

              (2017)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                sandra.kirchhoff@uni-bielefeld.de
                Journal
                Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz
                Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz
                Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz
                Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )
                1436-9990
                1437-1588
                30 May 2022
                30 May 2022
                2022
                : 65
                : 7-8
                : 795-802
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.7491.b, ISNI 0000 0001 0944 9128, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Gesundheitskompetenzforschung (IZGK), Fakultät für Erziehungswissenschaft, , Universität Bielefeld, ; Bielefeld, Deutschland
                [2 ]GRID grid.6936.a, ISNI 0000000123222966, Fakultät für Sport- und Gesundheitswissenschaften, , Technische Universität München, ; München, Deutschland
                [3 ]GRID grid.7491.b, ISNI 0000 0001 0944 9128, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Gesundheitskompetenzforschung (IZGK), , Universität Bielefeld, ; Konsequenz 41a, 33615 Bielefeld, Deutschland
                Article
                3546
                10.1007/s00103-022-03546-7
                9232467
                35635559
                58949a07-2411-49d5-84a6-d204761a16aa
                © The Author(s) 2022

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                History
                : 14 December 2021
                : 5 May 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: Universität Bielefeld (3146)
                Categories
                Leitthema
                Custom metadata
                © Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2022

                gesundheit,schule,schulentwicklung,organisationsentwicklung,gesundheitsförderung,health ,school,school development,organization development,health promotion

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