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      A quantitative approach to the study of Neolithic projectile points from south‐eastern Arabia

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          Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes: application to human mitochondrial DNA restriction data.

          We present here a framework for the study of molecular variation within a single species. Information on DNA haplotype divergence is incorporated into an analysis of variance format, derived from a matrix of squared-distances among all pairs of haplotypes. This analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) produces estimates of variance components and F-statistic analogs, designated here as phi-statistics, reflecting the correlation of haplotypic diversity at different levels of hierarchical subdivision. The method is flexible enough to accommodate several alternative input matrices, corresponding to different types of molecular data, as well as different types of evolutionary assumptions, without modifying the basic structure of the analysis. The significance of the variance components and phi-statistics is tested using a permutational approach, eliminating the normality assumption that is conventional for analysis of variance but inappropriate for molecular data. Application of AMOVA to human mitochondrial DNA haplotype data shows that population subdivisions are better resolved when some measure of molecular differences among haplotypes is introduced into the analysis. At the intraspecific level, however, the additional information provided by knowing the exact phylogenetic relations among haplotypes or by a nonlinear translation of restriction-site change into nucleotide diversity does not significantly modify the inferred population genetic structure. Monte Carlo studies show that site sampling does not fundamentally affect the significance of the molecular variance components. The AMOVA treatment is easily extended in several different directions and it constitutes a coherent and flexible framework for the statistical analysis of molecular data.
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            Numerical Ecology

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              Measuring of the dispersion and analysis of distribution patterns

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy
                Arab Arch Epig
                Wiley
                0905-7196
                1600-0471
                May 2020
                November 20 2019
                May 2020
                : 31
                : 1
                : 151-167
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Asian, African and Mediterranean Studies University of Naples “l’Orientale” Naples Italy
                [2 ]CNRS Ministère de l’Europe et des Affaires étrangères USR 3141 CEFAS Centre Français d’Archéologie et de Sciences Sociales Kuwait City Kuwait
                [3 ]Inrap UMR 7041 Maison de l’Archéologie et de l’Ethnologie Nanterre France
                [4 ]Department of Cultural Heritage University of Bologna Ravenna Italy
                Article
                10.1111/aae.12147
                7f859168-55ee-4022-a770-1bcfb6694ee0
                © 2020

                http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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