Gallstone Disease and Its Correlation With Thyroid Disorders: A Narrative Review

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Abstract

Over the years, several studies have revealed an important link between thyroid disorders and gallstone disease. According to these studies, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are associated with cholesterol gallstone disease. This association between thyroid hormone disorders and cholesterol gallstone disease is due to the importance of thyroid hormones on cholesterol synthesis, bile functioning and content, and gallbladder motility. Several genes and receptors have been found on the thyroid gland, liver, and gallbladder to verify this association. These genes affect thyroid hormone secretion, lipid metabolism, and bile secretion. Defects in these various gene expression and protein functions lead to bile duct diseases. Other causes that lead to cholesterol gallstone disease are supersaturation of the bile with cholesterol and impaired gallbladder motility, which leads to bile stasis. This article has discussed these factors in detail while highlighting the association between thyroid hormones and cholesterol gallstone disease.

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Most cited references 122

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cureus

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cureus

Journal ID (issn): 2168-8184

Title: Cureus

Publisher: Cureus (Palo Alto (CA) )

ISSN (Electronic): 2168-8184

Publication date (Electronic, pub): 12 September 2023

Publication date (Electronic, collection): September 2023

Volume: 15

Issue: 9

Electronic Location Identifier: e45116

Affiliations

[1 ] Medicine and Surgery, SVS Medical College, Mahabubnagar, IND

[2 ] Internal Medicine, Sri Padmavathi Medical College for Women, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati, IND

[3 ] Internal Medicine, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, IND

[4 ] Medicine and Surgery, AMA School of Medicine, Makati, PHL

[5 ] Medicine and Surgery, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, IND

[6 ] Medicine, St. John’s Medical College Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (RGUHS), Bengaluru, IND

[7 ] Medicine and Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NGA

[8 ] Medicine and Surgery, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, USA

[9 ] Medicine and Surgery, Shendi University, Shendi, SDN

[10 ] Medicine and Surgery, Government Medical College Kottayam, Kottayam, IND

[11 ] Neurosurgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, PAK

Author notes

Javed Iqbal ijaved578578@ 123456gmail.com

Article

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45116

PMC ID: 10568238

PubMed ID: 37842424

SO-VID: 85febd36-9292-449d-bbf4-fced4c762929

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

History

Date received : 8 July 2023

Date accepted : 12 September 2023

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