21
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Hegemonic Nationalism, Subordinate Marxism: The Mexican Left, 1945–7

       
      Journal of Latin American Studies
      Cambridge University Press (CUP)

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisher
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The most significant weakness of the Marxist Left in early Cold War Mexico was that it subordinated itself to post-revolutionary nationalism. Both the Mexican Communist Party and followers of Vicente Lombardo Toledano supported the ruling Partido Revolucionario Institucional (Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI), avoiding significant criticism before late 1947. Some dissident currents of Marxism did exist, but they were sparsely followed. Mexico provides an extreme case of Left subordination to popular-nationalist ideology, yet is indicative of trends visible elsewhere, e.g. among Marxist groups in post-war Cuba and the United States. Rather than promoting notions of communist political practice, the Mexican Marxist Left consistently advocated the elimination of class conflict and support for the ‘national bourgeoisie’. The Marxist Left held the Mexican government to different standards from those to which they held the governments of other countries. A near-consensus on the Mexican Left equated patriotism with progressive politics. The argument is illustrated with an important case study: the 1947 Marxist Round Table.

          Spanish abstract

          La debilidad más significativa de la izquierda marxista a principios de la Guerra Fría en México es que esta se subordinó al nacionalismo posrevolucionario. Tanto el Partido Comunista Mexicano como los seguidores de Vicente Lombardo Toledano apoyaron al gobernante Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI), evitando críticas significativas antes de fines de 1947. Algunas corrientes marxistas disidentes sí existieron, pero tuvieron seguidores dispersos. México provee un caso extremo de subordinación de la izquierda a la ideología popular-nacionalista, mientras que señala tendencias visibles en otras partes, como por ejemplo entre grupos marxistas en la Cuba de la posguerra y en los Estados Unidos. En vez de promover nociones de práctica política comunista, la izquierda marxista mexicana abogó consistentemente por la eliminación del conflicto de clase y el apoyo a la ‘burguesía nacional’. La izquierda marxista vio al gobierno mexicano con estándares diferentes de como lo hizo hacia gobiernos de otros países. Un consenso casi total de la izquierda mexicana equiparó al patriotismo con políticas progresistas. Este planteamiento se ilustra con un caso de estudio importante: la Mesa Redonda Marxista de 1947.

          Portuguese abstract

          A fragilidade mais significante da Esquerda Marxista do México, no início da Guerra Fria, foi sua subordinação ao nacionalismo pós-revolucionário. Tanto o Partido Comunista Mexicano quanto os seguidores de Vicente Lombardo Toledano apoiaram o partido de situação Partido Revolucionário Institucional (PRI), evitando críticas significativas até finais de 1947. Algumas correntes marxistas dissidentes existiam, mas eram parcamente apoiadas. O México oferece um exemplo extremo da subordinação da esquerda à ideologia popular-nacionalista, ainda que também seja indicativo de tendências observadas em outros lugares, como, por exemplo, entre grupos marxistas em Cuba do pós-guerra e nos Estados Unidos. Ao invés de promover noções de prática política comunista, a Esquerda Marxista mexicana defendeu consistentemente a eliminação do conflito de classes e o apoio à ‘burguesia nacional’. A Esquerda Marxista avaliou o governo mexicano com parâmateros distintos dos utilizados para governos de outros países. Existia praticamente um consenso na Esquerda Mexicana que equacionou o patriotismo com políticas progressistas. O argumento deste artigo é ilustrado por um importante estudo de caso: a Mesa Redonda Marxista de 1947.

          Related collections

          Most cited references16

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          The Working Class and the Mexican Revolution, c. 1900–1920

          Like any major historical phenomenon, the Mexican Revolution can be viewed from a variety of angles. From one, arguably the most important, it was a rural phenomenon, rightly categorised by Eric Wolf as a ‘peasant war’, hence comparable to the Russian or Chinese Revolutions. Form another it can be seen as a generalised social and political (some might like to call it ‘hegemonic’ crisis, marking the end of the old oligarchic Porfirian order and characterised by mass political mobilisation; as such it bears comparison with the crises experienced in Italy and Germany after the First World War; in Spain in the early 1930s; in Brazil in the 1960s or Chile in the 1970s. But what it emphatically was not was a workers' revolution. No Soviets or workers' party sought — let alone attained — political hegemony. No Soviets or workers' councils were established, as in Petrograd or Berlin. There were no attempts at works' control of industry, as in Turin, Barcelina — or the gran mineria of Bolivia.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Building their own Cold War in their own backyard: the transnational, international conflicts in the greater Caribbean basin, 1944–1954

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Creole Anti-Communism: Labor, the Peruvian Communist Party, and Apra, 1930–1934

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                applab
                Journal of Latin American Studies
                J. Lat. Am. Stud.
                Cambridge University Press (CUP)
                0022-216X
                1469-767X
                February 2018
                January 31 2017
                : 50
                : 01
                : 31-58
                Article
                10.1017/S0022216X17000013
                995b18a6-cbab-491c-a584-caf25a437a89
                © 2017
                History

                Comments

                Comment on this article