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      Avaliação em saúde: limites e perspectivas Translated title: Health evaluation: problems and perspctives

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          Abstract

          É realizada discussão sobre a avaliação em saúde no que diz respeito ao seu objeto, atributos, enfoques teóricos e desenhos, a partir da revisão da literatura sobre o tema. São relacionadas possíveis técnicas para avaliação da eficácia, efetividade, cobertura e qualidade técnico-científica dos serviços de saúde, além da satisfação dos usuários. Os desenhos da chamada "pesquisa avaliativa" são comparados com aqueles da epidemiologia. A diversidade terminológica, insuficiências e inadequações de alguns métodos e técnicas dominantes na literatura específica são identificados como problemas a serem superados. É também discutida a incipiente incorporação da prática da avaliação no processo concreto de gestão dos serviços de saúde no nosso meio e relacionadas as possibilidades de utilização das informações registradas rotineiramente nas unidades sanitárias para o processo de avaliação. Por fim, são identificadas as necessidades de desenvolvimento metodológico para avaliação dos recentes projetos de reorganização de práticas de saúde em distritos sanitários e sistemas locais de saúde e apontadas perspectivas nessa direção.

          Translated abstract

          This is a literature review of theoretical and methodological issues on health care evaluation of research and technical reports. Conceptual frameworks, approaches, subject matter, strategies, and study designs are identified and analyzed. Evaluative research designs are compared with epidemiological ones. A diverse terminology was encountered, and many methodological problems in the literature were examined. The incorporation of evaluative procedures in health planning or health policy-making and administration is still limited in Brazil, particularly at the local level. Recent implementation of projects for the reorganization of the health services system based on the administrative autonomy of Local Health Units raises the need for more appropriate strategies aimed at health care evaluation. Perspectives for the development of alternative strategies are indicated.

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          The seven pillars of quality.

          Seven attributes of health care define its quality: (1) efficacy: the ability of care, at its best, to improve health; (2) effectiveness: the degree to which attainable health improvements are realized; (3) efficiency: the ability to obtain the greatest health improvement at the lowest cost; (4) optimality: the most advantageous balancing of costs and benefits; (5) acceptability: conformity to patient preferences regarding accessibility, the patient-practitioner relation, the amenities, the effects of care, and the cost of care; (6) legitimacy: conformity to social preferences concerning all of the above; and (7) equity: fairness in the distribution of care and its effects on health. Consequently, health care professionals must take into account patient preferences as well as social preferences in assessing and assuring quality. When the two sets of preference disagree the physician faces the challenge of reconciling them.
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            The role of outcomes in quality assessment and assurance.

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              Novo dicionário Aurélio de língua portuguesa

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Cad. Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0102-311X
                1678-4464
                March 1994
                : 10
                : 1
                : 80-91
                Affiliations
                [01] Salvador BA orgnameUniversidade Federal da Bahia orgdiv1Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Brasil
                Article
                S0102-311X1994000100009 S0102-311X(94)01000109
                10.1590/S0102-311X1994000100009
                a7abba7e-e696-4d15-9db3-2e8acdefdd44

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 61, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

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                Artigos

                Health Services Research,Evaluation,Quality,Avaliação,Qualidade,Investigação em Serviços de Saúde

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