Dentists’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding Hepatitis B and C and HIV/AIDS in Sanandaj, Iran

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Abstract

Background

Healthcare workers including physicians, dentists, nurses and laboratory workers are considered to be among the groups at the risk of blood-borne pathogen transmission. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of dentists regarding infection control and basic principles.

Methods

This cross-sectional study recruited 106 dentists in Sanandaj, Iran. The dentists’ KAP regarding hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and HIV/AIDS were evaluated. Chi-square test, student’s t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used to assess differences between the groups. Data were analyzed in Stata 12.

Results

The results showed that the majority of the subjects in the study population (53.8%) were female. The mean ± standard deviation ( SD) for age and work experience was 39.6 ± 9.80 and 10.6 ± 8.7 years, respectively. The mean ± SD for knowledge, attitude and practices of participants was 37.3 ± 3.01, 22.9 ± 4.80 and 24.07 ± 5.06, respectively. The results also indicated that dentists’ higher level of knowledge about HBV, HCV and HIV/AIDS was significantly influenced by work experience (≥10 years; P < 0.001) and graduation year (after 2006: P < 0.001). Positive attitude towards HBV, HCV and HIV/AIDS was considerably influenced by age group (< 30 years: P = 0.021), work experience (≥10 years: P < 0.001), and workplace (dental office: P = 0.016).

Conclusions

The results of this study demonstrated a satisfactory level of knowledge and attitude of dentists about HBV, HCV and HIV/AIDS infections, but some gaps were observed, suggesting that higher knowledge level of dentists plays a very important role in forming the attitudes and practices regarding patients with HBV, HCV and HIV/AIDS.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s12903-018-0685-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Most cited references 39

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Article: not found

Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: new estimates of age-specific antibody to HCV seroprevalence.

Khayriyyah Mohd Hanafiah, Justina Groeger, Abraham Flaxman … (2013)

In efforts to inform public health decision makers, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 (GBD2010) Study aims to estimate the burden of disease using available parameters. This study was conducted to collect and analyze available prevalence data to be used for estimating the hepatitis C virus (HCV) burden of disease. In this systematic review, antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) seroprevalence data from 232 articles were pooled to estimate age-specific seroprevalence curves in 1990 and 2005, and to produce age-standardized prevalence estimates for each of 21 GBD regions using a model-based meta-analysis. This review finds that globally the prevalence and number of people with anti-HCV has increased from 2.3% (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 2.1%-2.5%) to 2.8% (95% UI: 2.6%-3.1%) and >122 million to >185 million between 1990 and 2005. Central and East Asia and North Africa/Middle East are estimated to have high prevalence (>3.5%); South and Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Andean, Central, and Southern Latin America, Caribbean, Oceania, Australasia, and Central, Eastern, and Western Europe have moderate prevalence (1.5%-3.5%); whereas Asia Pacific, Tropical Latin America, and North America have low prevalence (<1.5%). The high prevalence of global HCV infection necessitates renewed efforts in primary prevention, including vaccine development, as well as new approaches to secondary and tertiary prevention to reduce the burden of chronic liver disease and to improve survival for those who already have evidence of liver disease. Copyright © 2012 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.

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Iranian dental students' knowledge of and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS patients.

Mostafa Sadeghi, Hamid Hakimi (2009)

Dental treatment procedures frequently involve blood and saliva that may be contaminated with HIV. The purpose of this cross-sectional survey was to assess Iranian dental students' knowledge of and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS patients. In 2008, a fifty-three-item self-administered questionnaire was conducted on all 750 dental students who participated in the 10(th) Dental Student Congress in Isfahan, Iran. The overall response rate to the questionnaire was 60.7 percent. The total mean knowledge and attitudes scores were 82.1 percent (excellent) and 57.4 percent (negative), respectively. There were no significant differences in the knowledge or attitude scores between male and female students. A majority of the students were aware of the association between HIV and oral candidiasis (98.1 percent), major aphthous (95.8 percent), and Kaposi's sarcoma (93.8 percent). Although a majority of the students had excellent knowledge (78.4 percent), only 1 percent had professional attitudes about treating patients with HIV/AIDS. Therefore, it is important that dental students, as future dentists, develop not only the necessary practical skills but also attitudes that will prepare them to treat HIV/AIDS patients.

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Study on incidence of needle stick injury and factors associated with this problem among medical students.

Ismail Noor Hassim, Mohamad Norsayani (2003)

Medical students face the threat of needle stick injury with the consequent risk of acquiring blood-borne infection by pathogens such as HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C while performing their clinical activities in the hospitals. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 417 final year medical students from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), University Malaya (UM) and Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The aims of the study were to determine the incidence of cases and episodes of needle stick injury among them in the past year. This study was also done to find out the factors that might be associated with the occurrence of this problem. The factors were sociodemographic factors, duration of exposure, level of knowledge of blood-borne diseases and Universal Precaution, perception of risk of blood-borne diseases and level of practice of Universal Precaution. The incidence of needle stick injury among medical students was 14.1% (59 cases). The total number of episodes of needle stick injury was 87 and the incidence of episodes among respondents was high i.e. 20.9%. The highest incidence of episodes of needle stick injury occurred in Obstetric & Gynaecology postings, followed by Medicine and Surgery. For clinical procedures, venepuncture had the highest incidence followed by setting up drips and giving parenteral injections. The results showed the students who had needle stick injury (cases) had lower scores in the practice of Universal Precautions than non-cases (p<0.05). There was a significant association between the level of practice of Universal Precautions and the number of episodes of needle stick injury, i.e. the higher the score for the practice of Universal Precautions, the lower the number of episodes (beta=-2.03 x 10(-2), p<0.05). This study showed that medical students are at risk of needle stick injury and blood-borne infections during their clinical activities while performing procedures on patients especially for those who were poor at practising Universal Precautions. Therefore some preventive measures should be taken by the management of the universities and medical students to avoid the occurrence of these problems.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Masomeh Rostamzadeh: Masomehrostamzadeh460@gmail.com

Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh: Afkhama@gmail.com

Sirus Afrooz: Sirus.afrooz@gmail.com

Kaveh Mohamadi: Kavem2@gmail.com

Mohammad Aziz Rasouli:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3359-774X

+98876331392 , Rasouli1010@gmail.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Oral Health

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Oral Health

Title: BMC Oral Health

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1472-6831

Publication date (Electronic): 18 December 2018

Publication date PMC-release: 18 December 2018

Publication date Collection: 2018

Volume: 18

Electronic Location Identifier: 220

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0417 6812, GRID grid.484406.a, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, , Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, ; Sanandaj, Iran

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0417 6812, GRID grid.484406.a, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, , Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, ; Sanandaj, Iran

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0417 6812, GRID grid.484406.a, Dentistry Student, Faculty of Dentistry, Student Research Committee, , Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, ; Sanandaj, Iran

[4 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0417 6812, GRID grid.484406.a, DDS & Fellowship Oral Implantology (ICOI Fellowship), Faculty of Dentistry, , Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, ; Sanandaj, Iran

[5 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0417 6812, GRID grid.484406.a, Vice Chancellor for Educational and Research, Kowsar Hospital, , Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, ; Sanandaj, Iran

Author information

Mohammad Aziz Rasouli http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3359-774X

Article

Publisher ID: 685

DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0685-1

PMC ID: 6299669

PubMed ID: 30563497

SO-VID: ae7a6b3b-6e12-4a3c-acf6-22bb0c7f9393

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 25 July 2017

Date accepted : 4 December 2018

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry

Keywords: knowledge,attitude,practice,hepatitis b,hepatitis c,hiv/aids,dentists,iran

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry

Keywords: knowledge, attitude, practice, hepatitis b, hepatitis c, hiv/aids, dentists, iran

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Dentists’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding Hepatitis B and C and HIV/AIDS in Sanandaj, Iran

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Background

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Annual Reviews HIV/AIDS: Public Health and Society

Most cited references 39

Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: new estimates of age-specific antibody to HCV seroprevalence.

Iranian dental students' knowledge of and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS patients.

Study on incidence of needle stick injury and factors associated with this problem among medical students.

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