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      Schmerzen, Schmerzmitteleinnahme und mentale Gesundheit von Intensivpflegenden in Deutschland Translated title: Pain, analgesic intake and mental health of German intensive care unit nurses

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          Abstract

          Ziel der Studie

          Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Schmerzprävalenz, das Ausmaß der Schmerzmitteleinnahme sowie die mentale Gesundheit bei Intensivpflegenden zu untersuchen.

          Methoden

          Bei dieser Studie handelte es sich um eine Befragung von Intensivpflegenden aus Deutschland. Neben selbstentwickelten Items wurde die Kurzversion der Depressions-Angst-Stress-Skala (DASS-21) abgefragt.

          Ergebnisse

          Insgesamt wurden 432 Intensivpflegende (82,87 % Frauen) in die Analyse eingeschlossen. 36,81 % (95 %-Konfidenzintervall [95 %-KI] 31,31 %; 42,99 %) der Teilnehmenden gaben an, unter wiederkehrenden Schmerzen zu leiden, und 18,52 % (95 %-KI 14,68 %; 23,05 %) gaben an, unter chronischen Schmerzen zu leiden. Signifikant mit chronischen Schmerzen assoziiert waren das Körpergewicht (adjustierte Odds Ratio [AOR]: 1,02 [95 %-KI 1,01; 1,03]; p = 0,006) und das Geschlecht (Männer AOR: 0,33 [95 %-KI 0,14; 0,78]; p = 0,012) sowie mit wiederkehrenden Schmerzen das Geschlecht (Männer AOR: 0,59 [95 %-KI 0,31; 1,00]; p = 0,049) und das Vorliegen von Schlafproblemen (AOR: 2,16 [95 %-KI 1,41; 3,31]; p ≤ 0,001). Schmerzmittel wurden von 52,61 % der Studienteilnehmenden mit chronischen/wiederkehrenden Schmerzen eingenommen (häufigster Wirkstoff: Ibuprofen [81,67 %]). Teilnehmende mit chronischen wie auch wiederkehrenden Schmerzen zeigten signifikant höhere Depressions‑, Angst- und Stresslevel im Vergleich zu denen ohne Schmerzen.

          Schlussfolgerung

          Diese Studie zeigt, dass ein großer Anteil der teilnehmenden Intensivpflegekräfte unter chronischen und wiederkehrenden Schmerzen leidet und diese mit verschiedenen Faktoren assoziiert sind.

          Translated abstract

          Background and Aim

          Since nurses in general are frequently affected by pain and depressive episodes, the aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of pain, frequency of analgesic intake and the mental health of intensive care nurses.

          Methods

          This study was a survey study of German intensive care nurses and the questionnaire comprised self-developed items and the short version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21).

          Results

          A total of 432 intensive care nurses (82.97% female) were included in the analysis. Recurrent pain was reported by 36.81% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.31%; 42.99%) of study participants and chronic pain by 18.52% (95% CI: 14.68%; 23.05%). Body weight (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.02 [95% CI: 1.01; 1.03]; p = 0.006) and sex (male AOR: 0.33 [95% CI: 0.14; 0.78]; p = 0.012) were significantly associated with chronic pain, and sex (male AOR: 0.59 [95% CI: 0.31; 1.00]; p = 0.049) and the presence of sleeping problems (AOR: 2.16 [95% CI: 1.41; 3.31]; p ≤ 0.001) with recurrent pain. Analgesics were used by 52.61% of study participants with chronic/recurrent pain (most frequently used substance: ibuprofen [81.67%]). Study participants with chronic and recurrent pain indicated significantly higher depression, anxiety and stress levels compared to those without pain.

          Conclusion

          This study indicates that a large number of participating intensive care nurses are suffering from chronic and recurrent pain. Pain in this population was associated with a variety of factors.

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          Most cited references29

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          The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories

          The psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) were evaluated in a normal sample of N = 717 who were also administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The DASS was shown to possess satisfactory psychometric properties, and the factor structure was substantiated both by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. In comparison to the BDI and BAI, the DASS scales showed greater separation in factor loadings. The DASS Anxiety scale correlated 0.81 with the BAI, and the DASS Depression scale correlated 0.74 with the BDI. Factor analyses suggested that the BDI differs from the DASS Depression scale primarily in that the BDI includes items such as weight loss, insomnia, somatic preoccupation and irritability, which fail to discriminate between depression and other affective states. The factor structure of the combined BDI and BAI items was virtually identical to that reported by Beck for a sample of diagnosed depressed and anxious patients, supporting the view that these clinical states are more severe expressions of the same states that may be discerned in normals. Implications of the results for the conceptualisation of depression, anxiety and tension/stress are considered, and the utility of the DASS scales in discriminating between these constructs is discussed.
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            Improving the Quality of Web Surveys: The Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES)

            Analogous to checklists of recommendations such as the CONSORT statement (for randomized trials), or the QUORUM statement (for systematic reviews), which are designed to ensure the quality of reports in the medical literature, a checklist of recommendations for authors is being presented by the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) in an effort to ensure complete descriptions of Web-based surveys. Papers on Web-based surveys reported according to the CHERRIES statement will give readers a better understanding of the sample (self-)selection and its possible differences from a “representative” sample. It is hoped that author adherence to the checklist will increase the usefulness of such reports.
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              The short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample.

              To test the construct validity of the short-form version of the Depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21), and in particular, to assess whether stress as indexed by this measure is synonymous with negative affectivity (NA) or whether it represents a related, but distinct, construct. To provide normative data for the general adult population. Cross-sectional, correlational and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The DASS-21 was administered to a non-clinical sample, broadly representative of the general adult UK population (N = 1,794). Competing models of the latent structure of the DASS-21 were evaluated using CFA. The model with optimal fit (RCFI = 0.94) had a quadripartite structure, and consisted of a general factor of psychological distress plus orthogonal specific factors of depression, anxiety, and stress. This model was a significantly better fit than a competing model that tested the possibility that the Stress scale simply measures NA. The DASS-21 subscales can validly be used to measure the dimensions of depression, anxiety, and stress. However, each of these subscales also taps a more general dimension of psychological distress or NA. The utility of the measure is enhanced by the provision of normative data based on a large sample.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                l.moeckel@hs-doepfer.de
                Journal
                Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed
                Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed
                Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin Und Notfallmedizin
                Springer Medizin (Heidelberg )
                2193-6218
                2193-6226
                1 November 2021
                1 November 2021
                2023
                : 118
                : 1
                : 45-53
                Affiliations
                GRID grid.434092.8, ISNI 0000 0001 1009 6139, HSD Hochschule Döpfer GmbH, , University of Applied Sciences, ; Waidmarkt 3 und 9, 50676 Köln, Deutschland
                Author notes
                [Redaktion]

                Michael Buerke, Siegen

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1338-8433
                Article
                880
                10.1007/s00063-021-00880-7
                9873762
                34724087
                b9a1ca15-37d2-49a4-8e1f-09fd5f399dd4
                © The Author(s) 2021

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                History
                : 4 May 2021
                : 6 August 2021
                : 6 September 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: HSD Hochschule Döpfer GmbH (5628)
                Categories
                Originalien
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                © Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2023

                muskuloskeletale erkrankungen,psychische erkrankungen,gesundheitsfachberufe,medikamenteneinnahme,prävention,musculoskeletal disorders,mental disorders,healthcare professionals,analgesic intake,prevention

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