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      SIMBOLISMO SOCIAL ASOCIADO Y ACTITUD MANIPULATIVA EN NIÑOS AMAZÓNICOS PERUANOS Translated title: SIMBOLISMO SOCIAL ASSOCIADO E ATITUDE MANIPULATIVA EM CRIANÇAS AMAZÔNICAS PERUANAS Translated title: ASSOCIATED SOCIAL SYMBOLISM AND MANIPULATIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS CHILDREN FROM THE PERUVIAN AMAZON

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          Abstract

          Resumen El Simbolismo Social Asociado (SSA) y la Actitud Manipulativa (AM) están presentes en la mayoría de niños de nueve años de edad de la Amazonía peruana con desarrollo intelectual adecuado (71.2%). El estudio se realizó en 52 niños y sus padres mediante entrevistas en pequeños grupos, aplicándose la prueba TMP y dos guías de entrevista (niños-padres). Los resultados señalan correspondencia significativa entre la preferencia (niños) y la decisión de compra del producto simbolizado (padres), y el 78,5% elegían la misma marca que sus pares. Las dificultades de comprensión del contenido material de la publicidad (CMP) involucran al 78,9% (mayor en área urbana). Existe interdependencia significativa entre AM (niños) y reacciones de compra (padres) y alta discordancia entre respuestas (niños-padres). Educar en la comprensión del CMP a partir de nueve años, podría disminuir las consecuencias del SSA mediante programas psicosociales para la salud mental escolar.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo O Simbolismo Social Associado (SSA) e a Atitude Manipuladora (AM) estão presentes na maioria das crianças de nove anos de idade, da Amazônia Peruana, com desenvolvimento intelectual adequado (71,2%). O estudo foi realizado com 52 crianças e seus pais, por meio de entrevistas em pequenos grupos, aplicando-se o teste TMP e dois roteiros de entrevista (crianças-pais). Os resultados indicam correspondência significativa entre a preferência (crianças) e a decisão de compra do produto simbolizado (pais), e 78,5% escolheram a mesma marca que seus amigos. As dificuldades de compreensão do conteúdo material da publicidade (CMP) envolvem 78,9% (maior na área urbana). Existe interdependência significativa entre AM (crianças) e reações de compra (pais) e alta discordância entre respostas (crianças-pais). Educar, na compreensão do CMP, a partir de nove anos, poderia diminuir as consequências do SSA através de programas psicossociais para a saúde mental escolar.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Associated social symbolism (ASS) and the manipulative attitude (MA) are present in most nine-year-old children from the Peruvian Amazon with adequate intellectual development (71.2%). The study was conducted in 52 children and their parents through interviews in small groups, applying the TMP test and two interview guides (child-parents). The results indicated significant correspondence between the preference (children) and the decision to purchase the product symbolized (parents), and 78.5% chose the same brand as their peers. Difficulties in understanding the content of advertising material (CAM) involve 78.9% (higher in urban area). There is significant interdependence between MA (children) and buying reactions (parents) and high discordance between responses (children-parents). Educate in the understanding of the CAM from nine years, could reduce the consequences of ASS through psychosocial programs for school mental health.

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          Most cited references40

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            Cooperation and competition are two basic modes of social cognition that necessitate monitoring of both one's own and others' actions, as well as adopting a specific mental set. In this fMRI, study individuals played a specially designed computer game, according to a set of predefined rules, either in cooperation with or in competition against another person. The hemodynamic response during these conditions was contrasted to that of the same subjects playing the game independently. Both cooperation and competition stances resulted in activation of a common frontoparietal network subserving executive functions, as well as the anterior insula, involved in autonomic arousal. Moreover, distinct regions were found to be selectively associated with cooperation and competition, notably the orbitofrontal cortex in the former and the inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortices in the latter. This pattern reflects the different mental frameworks implicated in being cooperative versus competitive with another person. In accordance with evidence from evolutionary psychology as well as from developmental psychology, we argue that cooperation is a socially rewarding process and is associated with specific left medial orbitofrontal cortex involvement.
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              Intellectual developmental disorders: towards a new name, definition and framework for "mental retardation/intellectual disability" in ICD-11.

              Although "intellectual disability" has widely replaced the term "mental retardation", the debate as to whether this entity should be conceptualized as a health condition or as a disability has intensified as the revision of the World Health Organization (WHO)'s International Classification of Diseases (ICD) advances. Defining intellectual disability as a health condition is central to retaining it in ICD, with significant implications for health policy and access to health services. This paper presents the consensus reached to date by the WHO ICD Working Group on the Classification of Intellectual Disabilities. Literature reviews were conducted and a mixed qualitative approach was followed in a series of meetings to produce consensus-based recommendations combining prior expert knowledge and available evidence. The Working Group proposes replacing mental retardation with intellectual developmental disorders, defined as "a group of developmental conditions characterized by significant impairment of cognitive functions, which are associated with limitations of learning, adaptive behaviour and skills". The Working Group further advises that intellectual developmental disorders be incorporated in the larger grouping (parent category) of neurodevelopmental disorders, that current subcategories based on clinical severity (i.e., mild, moderate, severe, profound) be continued, and that problem behaviours be removed from the core classification structure of intellectual developmental disorders and instead described as associated features.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                psoc
                Psicologia & Sociedade
                Psicol. Soc.
                Associação Brasileira de Psicologia Social (Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil )
                0102-7182
                2019
                : 31
                : 0
                : e164524
                Affiliations
                [1] Tingo María Huánuco orgnameUniversidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva Peru
                [2] Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
                [3] orgnameHospital Nacional EsSalud “E. Rebagliati” Lima Perú
                Article
                S0102-71822019000100207
                10.1590/1807-0310/2019v31164524
                bc6f005a-153b-4dd7-b4a2-ccc1f82cc2c6

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                : 27 May 2016
                : 08 February 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 66, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Saúde Escolar,Saúde Mental,Fator Psicossocial,Simbolismo Social, Atitude Manipulativa,Salud Mental,Salud Escolar,Factor Psicosocial,Simbolismo Social, Actitud Manipulativa,Mental Health,Educational Health,Psychological Factor,Social Symbolism,Manipulative Attitudes

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