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      Die differentielle Validität neuropsychologischer Testverfahren zum Nachweis nicht-authentischer Störungen

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          Abstract

          Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die Eignung unterschiedlicher neuropsychologischer Verfahren zur Diagnostik von nicht-authentischen Störungen zu ermitteln. Darüber hinaus soll untersucht werden, ob Beschwerdenvalidierungstests (BVT) eine höhere Validität gegenüber anderen neuropsychologischen Verfahren zum Nachweis von nicht authentischen Störungen aufweisen. Dazu wurden 59 Probanden untersucht, die zwischen 2003 bis 2013 forensisch-neuropsychologisch begutachtet wurden. Sie wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Authentizität ihrer neuropsychologischen Beschwerden beurteilt. Neben neuropsychologischen Tests wurden auch BVT eingesetzt. Es zeigte sich, dass die BVT hoch signifikant mit der gutachterlichen Gesamtbeurteilung korrelieren. Zwischen den neuropsychologischen Standardverfahren und der gutachterlichen Gesamtbeurteilung konnten keine signifikanten Zusammenhänge nachgewiesen werden. Es sind demnach nur diejenigen Verfahren, die speziell für den Nachweis von nicht-authentischen Störungen entwickelt worden, dazu geeignet, die Authentizität der Beschwerdenschilderung zu messen.

          Differential Validity of Neuropsychological Tests for the Diagnosis of Non-Genuine Disorders

          Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the suitability of different neuropsychological tests for the diagnosis of non-genuine disorders. Furthermore the study analyses whether symptom validation tests (SVT) have a higher validity compared to other neuropsychological inventories. Method: A sample of 59 subjects was assessed between 2003 and 2013. Neuropsychological test and SVT were used for symptom validation. Results: Results show significant correlations between SVT and the experts assessment. Between neuropsychological inventories and the expert’s assessment no significant correlations were found. Conclusion: Only SVT are useful assessment tools for evaluating the authenticity of the described complaints.

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          Most cited references49

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          American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology Consensus Conference Statement on the Neuropsychological Assessment of Effort, Response Bias, and Malingering

          During the past two decades clinical and research efforts have led to increasingly sophisticated and effective methods and instruments designed to detect exaggeration or fabrication of neuropsychological dysfunction, as well as somatic and psychological symptom complaints. A vast literature based on relevant research has emerged and substantial portions of professional meetings attended by clinical neuropsychologists have addressed topics related to malingering (Sweet, King, Malina, Bergman, & Simmons, 2002). Yet, despite these extensive activities, understanding the need for methods of detecting problematic effort and response bias and addressing the presence or absence of malingering has proven challenging for practitioners. A consensus conference, comprised of national and international experts in clinical neuropsychology, was held at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN) for the purposes of refinement of critical issues in this area. This consensus statement documents the current state of knowledge and recommendations of expert clinical neuropsychologists and is intended to assist clinicians and researchers with regard to the neuropsychological assessment of effort, response bias, and malingering.
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            Symptom validity assessment: practice issues and medical necessity NAN policy & planning committee.

            Symptom exaggeration or fabrication occurs in a sizeable minority of neuropsychological examinees, with greater prevalence in forensic contexts. Adequate assessment of response validity is essential in order to maximize confidence in the results of neurocognitive and personality measures and in the diagnoses and recommendations that are based on the results. Symptom validity assessment may include specific tests, indices, and observations. The manner in which symptom validity is assessed may vary depending on context but must include a thorough examination of cultural factors. Assessment of response validity, as a component of a medically necessary evaluation, is medically necessary. When determined by the neuropsychologist to be necessary for the assessment of response validity, administration of specific symptom validity tests are also medically necessary.
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              Validation of malingered amnesia measures with a large clinical sample.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                znp
                Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie
                Hogrefe AG, Bern
                1016-264X
                1664-2902
                Januar 2013
                : 24
                : 4
                : 229-238
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Institut für Rechtspsychologie, Univeristät Bremen
                [ 2 ] Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen  
                Author notes
                Prof. Dr. Dieter Heubrock, Institut für Rechtspsychologie, Universität Bremen, Grazer Str. 2, 28359 Bremen, Deutschland heubrock@ 123456uni-bremen.de
                Prof. Dr. Franz Petermann, Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen, Grazer Str. 2, 28359 Bremen, Deutschland fpeterm@ 123456uni-bremen.de
                Article
                znp_24_4_229
                10.1024/1016-264X/a000105
                dc3c4a8b-6a55-4012-9022-8f0072a1114e
                Copyright @ 2013
                History
                Categories
                Originalartikel

                Psychology,Neurology,Neurosciences,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Begutachtung,Simulation,Aggravation,nicht-authentische Störungen,Beschwerdenvalidierung,malingering,aggravation,non-genuine disorders,expert opinion,symptom validation

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