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Zusammenfassung

Das Ziel dieses Kap. 7 erfüllt eine wichtige Forderung aus dem letzten Klimawandelsachstandsbericht – nämlich, intensiv zu den Zusammenhängen zwischen Raumplanung und Klimawandel zu berichten. Denn die klimapolitisch bedenkliche Zunahme versiegelter Flächen in Österreich, die von den Expert_innen (z. B. Schindegger, 2020; Umweltbundesamt, 2020a) mit großer Sicherheit und empirischen Nachweisen festgestellt wird, ist derzeit eindeutig nicht im Einklang mit den Nachhaltigkeitszielen der österreichischen Bundesregierung (BMLFUW, 2002).

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Most cited references 131

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Determinants of CO2 emissions in a small open economy

Birgit Friedl, Michael Getzner (2003)

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Sustainable Urban Forms

Yosef Rafeq Jabareen (2016)

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Do the Health Benefits of Cycling Outweigh the Risks?

Jeroen de Hartog, Hanna Boogaard, Hans Nijland … (2010)

Background Although from a societal point of view a modal shift from car to bicycle may have beneficial health effects due to decreased air pollution emissions, decreased greenhouse gas emissions, and increased levels of physical activity, shifts in individual adverse health effects such as higher exposure to air pollution and risk of a traffic accident may prevail. Objective We describe whether the health benefits from the increased physical activity of a modal shift for urban commutes outweigh the health risks. Data sources and extraction We have summarized the literature for air pollution, traffic accidents, and physical activity using systematic reviews supplemented with recent key studies. Data synthesis We quantified the impact on all-cause mortality when 500,000 people would make a transition from car to bicycle for short trips on a daily basis in the Netherlands. We have expressed mortality impacts in life-years gained or lost, using life table calculations. For individuals who shift from car to bicycle, we estimated that beneficial effects of increased physical activity are substantially larger (3–14 months gained) than the potential mortality effect of increased inhaled air pollution doses (0.8–40 days lost) and the increase in traffic accidents (5–9 days lost). Societal benefits are even larger because of a modest reduction in air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions and traffic accidents. Conclusions On average, the estimated health benefits of cycling were substantially larger than the risks relative to car driving for individuals shifting their mode of transport.

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Publication date (Print): 2024

Publication date (Online): April 10 2024

Pages: 381-405

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-67864-0_9

SO-VID: 87cf0f83-a5f9-48a1-870e-5b7323f37a63

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Kapitel 7. Raumplanung und Klimawandel

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Zusammenfassung

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UCL: UN SDG 07 Affordable and Clean Energy

Most cited references 131

Determinants of CO2 emissions in a small open economy

Sustainable Urban Forms

Do the Health Benefits of Cycling Outweigh the Risks?

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