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      Analyse der Bildungsentscheidungen von (ehemaligen) Sportler*innen der Sportfördergruppen der Bundeswehr

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          Zusammenfassung

          Die Sportfördergruppen der Bundeswehr stellen eine tragende Säule der Unterstützung von Spitzensportler*innen in Deutschland dar. Ziel der Sportförderung ist u. a. die Vereinbarkeit von Spitzensport und Beruf durch eine „Duale Karriere-/Laufbahnplanung“ sicherzustellen. Trotz wiederholter Kritik liegen jedoch bisher keine Befunde zu Dualen Karriereverläufen von Sportsoldat*innen vor. Der Beitrag untersucht, inwieweit Sportsoldat*innen während ihrer Zugehörigkeit zu den Sportfördergruppen Bildungsangebote nutzen und welche Faktoren ihre Entscheidungen beeinflussen. Die Analyse der Bildungsentscheidungen basiert auf dem Konzept der Humankapitaltheorie und berücksichtigt spezifische Besonderheiten des Spitzensports sowie institutionelle Förderbedingungen. In einer retrospektiven Längsschnittstudie wurden zeitbezogene Ereignisdaten zur Dualen Karriere von n = 712 (ehemaligen) Sportsoldat*innen erhoben. Von diesen sind 414 derzeit in einer Sportfördergruppe aktiv, während 298 Befragte die Sportförderguppen innerhalb der letzten zehn Jahre verlassen haben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass insgesamt 80,6 % der (ehemaligen) Sportsoldat*innen mindestens eine Ausbildung begonnen haben. Während der Zugehörigkeit zu den Sportfördergruppen haben (bisher) 42,6 % eine Ausbildung (davon 86,7 % mindestens ein Studium) aufgenommen. Die Bildungsentscheidungen werden vorwiegend von Faktoren der Bildungsbiografie und der Förderung der Dualen Karriere in den Sportfördergruppen beeinflusst. Hingegen lässt sich keine (zu) optimistische Einschätzung der beruflichen Verwertbarkeit des im Spitzensport erworbenen symbolischen Kapitals (Reputation) feststellen.

          Abstract

          The Bundeswehr sports support groups, known as Sportfördergruppen, form a crucial pillar of support for elite athletes in Germany. This support aims to ensure the compatibility of elite sports and career within the framework of “dual career planning”. Despite repeated criticism, there are currently no scientific research findings on the dual career paths of sports soldiers. This study explores the extent to which sports soldiers utilize training-related opportunities during their time with the sports promotion groups and the factors influencing their decisions. The analysis of educational decisions is framed by human capital theory, considering top sport-specific aspects and institutional support conditions. In a retrospective longitudinal study (cohort design), time-related event data on the dual careers of 712 (former) sports soldiers were collected. Among them, 414 are currently active in a sports support group, while 298 dropouts of the sports promotion group within the last ten years. The findings indicate that 80.6% of the (former) sports soldiers initiated at least one training program. During their affiliation with the sports promotion groups, 42.6% of them pursued education (of which 86.7% completed at least one university degree). The educational decisions are predominantly influenced by factors related to the educational biography and the support for dual careers provided by sports promotion group. However, an (overly) optimistic assessment of the employability of the symbolic capital (reputation) accumulated in elite sports could not be observed.

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          The rule of thumb that logistic and Cox models should be used with a minimum of 10 outcome events per predictor variable (EPV), based on two simulation studies, may be too conservative. The authors conducted a large simulation study of other influences on confidence interval coverage, type I error, relative bias, and other model performance measures. They found a range of circumstances in which coverage and bias were within acceptable levels despite less than 10 EPV, as well as other factors that were as influential as or more influential than EPV. They conclude that this rule can be relaxed, in particular for sensitivity analyses undertaken to demonstrate adequate control of confounding.
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              EXPLAINING EDUCATIONAL DIFFERENTIALS: TOWARDS A FORMAL RATIONAL ACTION THEORY

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                (View ORCID Profile)
                Journal
                German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research
                Ger J Exerc Sport Res
                2509-3142
                2509-3150
                August 15 2023
                Article
                10.1007/s12662-023-00895-6
                8bf77228-3e71-4eea-8a3c-134facac74d3
                © 2023

                https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

                https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

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